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The Sayan Mountains ((ロシア語:Саяны); (モンゴル語:Соёны нуруу, Sayany/Soyony nuruu); ''Kogmen Mountains'' during the period of the Göktürks〔Bartold, V. V. (1935) ''12 Vorlesungen uber die Geschichte der Turken Mittelasiens'' Deutsche Gesellschaft für Islamkunde, Berlin, p.46, (OCLC 3673071 )〕) are a mountain range in southern Siberia, Russia and northern Mongolia. In the past, it used to serve as the border between Mongolia and Russia. The Eastern Sayan extends from the Yenisei River at 92° E to the southwest end of Lake Baikal at 106° E. The Western Sayan forms the eastern continuation of the Altay Mountains, stretching for from 89° E to the middle of the Eastern Sayan at 96° E. 〔 (【引用サイトリンク】title=Sayan Mountains ) 〕 The Sayan Mountains' towering peaks and cool lakes southwest of Tuva give rise to the tributaries that merge to become one of Siberia's major rivers, the Yenisei River, which flows north over 2000 miles to the Arctic Ocean. This is a protected and isolated area, having been kept closed by the Soviet Union since 1944.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Tuva and Sayan Mountains )〕 ==Geography== While the general elevation is 2000 to , granites and metamorphic slates reach altitudes of over , with the highest being Mönkh Saridag at . The principal mountain passes lie 1800 to above the sea, for example Muztagh pass at , Mongol pass at , Tenghyz pass at and Obo-sarym pass at . At 92°E the system (the Western Sayan) is pierced by the Ulug-Khem ((ロシア語:Улуг-Хем)) or Upper Yenisei River, and at 106°, at its eastern extremity, it terminates above the depression of the Selenga-Orkhon Valley. From the Mongolian plateau the ascent is on the whole gentle, but from the plains of Siberia it is much steeper, despite the fact that the range is masked by a broad belt of subsidiary ranges of an Alpine character, e.g. the Usinsk, Oya, Tunka and Kitoi ranges. Between the breach of the Yenisei and Lake Khövsgöl at 100° 30' E. the system bears also the name of Yerghik-taiga. The flora is on the whole poor, although the higher regions carry good forests of larch, pine, juniper, birch, and alder, with rhododendrons and species of ''Berberis'' and ''Ribes''. Lichens and mosses clothe many of the boulders that are scattered over the upper slopes. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sayan Mountains」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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